GuideHQ

How do I choose the right paint finish?

What matt, eggshell, satin and gloss actually do differently, and which to use in which room and on which surface.

Difficulty
beginner
Time
20 min
Read
2 min

Short answer

Matt hides imperfections but marks easily — use it on ceilings and low-traffic walls. Eggshell and satin are washable and suit kitchens, bathrooms, hallways and woodwork. Gloss is hard-wearing and highly reflective, which means it shows every flaw in the surface underneath.

Finish is about sheen, and sheen trades two things against each other: the shinier a paint, the tougher and more washable it is, and the more ruthlessly it reveals imperfections. Every choice below is a position on that trade-off.

Step by step

  1. Assess the surface honestly — is it flat and sound, or uneven and patched?Uneven surfaces need matt. Sheen will advertise every ripple.
  2. Assess the traffic — will it get touched, scuffed, splashed or wiped?Hallways, kitchens, bathrooms and children's rooms all need washability.
  3. For ceilings, choose matt emulsion.Ceilings are rarely perfectly flat and never need washing. Sheen on a ceiling shows every joint.
  4. For most walls, choose matt or a wipeable matt.Modern washable matt gives most of the durability of eggshell without the sheen.
  5. For kitchens, bathrooms and hallways, choose eggshell or a moisture-resistant emulsion.These rooms need surfaces you can wipe without burnishing the paint.
  6. For woodwork, choose eggshell or satin.Enough sheen to be durable and cleanable, not so much that it magnifies every dent in the skirting.
  7. Reserve full gloss for surfaces that are genuinely smooth and take heavy wear.Front doors, handrails. On old skirting it looks worse, not better.

Tips

  • Sheen varies between brands — one company's satin is another's eggshell. Compare actual sample cards rather than trusting the name.
  • Washable matt is the most useful development in domestic paint in years: it looks like matt and survives a wipe.
  • The same colour looks lighter in a higher sheen because it reflects more light. Test the finish, not just the colour.
  • In a bathroom, look for a paint specifically formulated for moisture rather than just a wipeable one.

Common mistakes

  • Gloss on old, dented woodwork — Maximum reflection on maximum imperfection. Eggshell is far more forgiving.
  • Matt in a bathroom — It absorbs moisture, marks permanently and can grow mould.
  • Choosing finish from the colour card alone — Sheen levels aren't standardised between manufacturers.

Questions people ask

What's the difference between eggshell and satin?

Sheen level — eggshell is flatter, satin slightly shinier and usually marginally tougher. Between brands the difference is often smaller than the naming suggests.

Can I put matt over gloss?

Not directly. Sand the gloss to break the sheen and apply a suitable primer, or the matt will sit on the surface and peel.

Want the whole subject?

  • MaterialWorld (in development)

    MaterialWorld goes further into paint chemistry — binders, VOCs, coverage and how finishes behave on different substrates.

Written and maintained by the GuideHQ editorial team. More in Home & DIY.